اثرهای اصلاح سطحی گرافن بر رفتار مکانیکی کامپوزیت‌های اپوکسی-الیاف بازالت

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

تهران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه ‌نصیرالدین طوسی، دانشکده مهندسی و علم مواد، صندوق پستی 43344-19919

چکیده

کامپوزیت‌های ماتریس پلیمری کاربردهای سازه‌ای متنوعی دارند. برای افزایش خواص مکانیکی این کامپوزیت‌ها، الیاف و نانوذرات به‌عنوان تقویت‌کننده به ماتریس پلیمری افزوده شده و نانوکامپوزیت ماتریس پلیمری تولید می‌شود. در این پژوهش، اثر اصلاح سطحی نانوصفحه‌های گرافن بر رفتار کششی و ضربه‌ای کامپوزیت‌های اپوکسی-الیاف بازالت بررسی شده است. بدین منظور، نانوصفحه‌های گرافن با استفاده از عامل سیلانی تری‌آمینوپروپیل تری‌متوکسی‌سیلان اصلاح سطحی شدند. بررسی پراش انرژی پرتو X و آزمون نقشه عنصری، وجود عناصر سیلیسیم و نیتروژن (که از اجزای اصلی گروه‌های عاملی هستند) را روی سطح گرافن اصلاح‌شده مشخص کردند. نمونه‌های نانوکامپوزیتی‌ با درصدهای وزنی مختلف از گرافن اصلاح‌شده (0.2، 0.3، 0.4 و 0.5) به روش لایه‌گذاری دستی ساخته شدند. همچنین دو کامپوزیت دیگر، یکی بدون گرافن و دیگری با %0.4 وزنی گرافن اصلاح‌نشده برای مقایسه با نانوکامپوزیت‌های تقویت‌شده با گرافن اصلاح‌‌شده ساخته شدند. پس از پخت کامل، نمونه‌ها آماده شده و با آزمون‌های کشش و ضربه چارپی بررسی شدند. نتایج به ترتیب 21/2، 3/6، 35/1 و %74/6 افزایش استحکام کششی، مدول کشسانی، انرژی شکست و استحکام ضربه‌ای را برای نانوکامپوزیت دارای %0.4 وزنی گرافن اصلاح‌شده نسبت به کامپوزیت فاقد گرافن نشان دادند، در حالی که خواص مزبور برای نانوکامپوزیت دارای %0.4 وزنی گرافن اصلاح‌نشده در مقایسه با کامپوزیت‌ فاقد گرافن به ترتیب 52/1، 37/5، 57/9 و %25/5 کاهش یافتند. مطابق با تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی پویشی، افزایش خواص کششی، ناشی از چسبندگی بهتر اپوکسی و الیاف بازالت و نیز سازوکار‌های چقرمه‌سازی گرافن اصلاح‌شده در ماتریس است. اصلاح سطحی سبب برهم‌کنش بیشتر گرافن با ماتریس شده و نیز وجود گرافن سبب پدیده انحراف ترک می‌شود که یکی از سازوکار‌های اصلی چقرمه‌سازی گرافن است. کاهش خواص مکانیکی در نمونه‌های دارای %0.4 وزنی گرافن اصلاح‌نشده ناشی از پراکندگی نامناسب گرافن در ماتریس و برهم‌کنش ضعیف آن با ماتریس و الیاف است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Graphene Surface Treatment Effects on Mechanical Behavior of Basalt Fibers\Epoxy Composites

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Navid Hosseini Abbandanak
  • Seyyed Mohammad Hossein Siadati
  • Reza Eslami-Farsani
Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, P.O. Box: 19919-43344, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) have various structural applications. To improve the mechanical properties of PMCs, nanoparticles are usually added to polymer matrix as reinforcements to produce polymer matrix nanocomposites. This research investigates the effects of surface treatment of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the tensile and impact behavior of basalt fibers\ epoxy composites.
Methods: For this purpose, surface treatment of GNPs was performed using (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane. The presence of silicon and nitrogen elements, which are the main components of functionalization group on the surface of treated GNPs, was confirmed by EDX-SEM mapping analysis. The nanocomposites with different weight percentages of treated GNPs (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were fabricated by hand lay-up method. Also, two composite samples, one without GNPs and the other with 0.4 wt% untreated GNPs were fabricated to compare with those reinforced with treated GNPs. Tensile and Charpy impact tests were performed on fully cured samples.
Findings: The results showed 21.1, 3.6, 35.1 and 74.6 percent increase in tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, fracture energy and impact strength, in the order given, for nanocomposites reinforced with 0.4 wt% treated GNPs were obtained compared to those without GNPs. Also, 52.1, 37.5, 57.9 and 25.5 percent decrease in properties, in the stated order, were observed for nanocomposites with 0.4 wt% of untreated GNPs compared to those without GNPs. According to the SEM images, the increase in tensile properties could be related to the improvement in the adhesion between basalt fibers and epoxy resin, and also the toughening mechanism of treated GNPs. The surface treatment increased the interaction between the GNPs and the matrix, and also the presence of treated GNPs promoted crack deflection phenomenon that is one of the major toughening mechanisms of GNPs. The reduction in the mechanical properties of sample containing 0.4 wt% untreated GNPs was attributed to the uneven dispersion of GNPs in the epoxy matrix and the weak interactions between the graphene nanoplatelets and matrix and fiber.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Graphene
  • surface treatment
  • basalt fibers
  • tensile properties
  • impact strength
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