تهیه نانوهیبریدهای مقاوم گرمایی بر پایه رزین‌های نووالاک و اپوکسی و نانولوله‌های کربن اپوکسی‌دارشده

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

تبریز، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند تبریز، صندوق پستی: 1996-51335: 1- دانشکده مهندسی پلیمر، 2- پژوهشکده مواد پلیمری

چکیده

نانوکامپوزیت‌های دارای پایداری گرمایی زیاد از واردکردن نانولوله کربن اصلاح‌شده به داخل ماتریس رزین اپوکسی پخت‌شده با رزین نووالاک تهیه شدند. طی فرایند اصلاح، گروه‌های کربوکسیل در اثر اکسایش با نیتریک اسید و گروه‌های هیدروکسیل با استفاده از واکنش گروه‌های اسیدی ایجاد شده با بوتان دی‌ال روی نانولوله‌های کربن حاصل شدند. سپس، عاملیت اپوکسی روی سطح نانولوله با استفاده از عامل اتصال‌دهنده سیلانی (3- گلیسیدیلوکسی پروپیل)‌تری‌متوکسی‌سیلان ایجاد شد. نانولوله کربن اصلاح‌شده با عاملیت اپوکسی قابلیت واکنش‌پذیری با گروه‌های هیدروکسیل نووالاک را دارد. در اثر پخت نانولوله کربن اصلاح‌شده و رزین اپوکسی دارای گروه‌های اپوکسیدی با رزین نووالاک شبکه هیبریدی مقاوم گرمایی حاصل شد. با توجه به واکنش‌پذیری کم گروه‌های اپوکسی و هیدروکسیل در حالت کاتالیز نشده، از تری‌فنیل فسفین به‌عنوان کاتالیزگر برای تسریع واکنش پخت استفاده شد. در نهایت، نتایج حاصل از طیف‌سنجی زیرقرمز و فوتوالکترونی پرتو X نشان داد، اصلاح نانولوله کربن به‌طور مؤثری انجام شده است. آزمون پراش پرتو X، توزیع یکنواخت نانولوله کربن اصلاح‌شده را در ماتریس اپوکسی پخت‌شده، نشان داد. طبق نتایج تجزیه گرماوزن‌سنجی، واردکردن نانولوله کربن اصلاح‌شده به مقدار 2 و %4 وزنی در داخل شبکه هیبریدی اپوکسی پخت‌شده با نووالاک باعث افزایش شایان توجه مقدار خاکستر باقی‌مانده آن از %26.6 به مقادیر 32.8 و %38.2 شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده از میکروسکوپی‌های الکترونی پویشی و عبوری، نانوله‌های کربن ساختارهای درهم تنیده و گره‌خورده با سطحی بسیار صاف و یکنواخت نشان دادند که حتی پس از اصلاح نیز ساختار خود را حفظ می‌کنند. این روش می‌تواند به‌عنوان روش مناسبی برای تهیه گرماسخت‌های با مقاومت گرمایی زیاد برای استفاده در کاربردهای محافظت گرمایی درنظر گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Preparation of Thermally-Resistant Nanohybrids Based on Novolac and Epoxy Resins and Epoxidized Carbon Nanotubes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sina shahi
  • Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani
  • Mehdi Salami Kalajahi
  • Hamidreza Ebrahimi
Department of Polymer Engineering, 2. Institute of Polymeric Materials; Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Thermally stable nanocomposites were prepared by incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) into the epoxy resin matrix cured by novolac resin. CNT modified with epoxy functional groups is capable of reaction with hydroxyl groups of novolac resin. Therefore, a new and robust method was planned for development of covalent bonding between the filler and matrix. On the other hand, due to slow reaction of epoxy and hydroxyl groups in the absence of catalyst, triphenylphosphine was used as the catalyst to accelerate the curing process.
Method: CNT was modified with nitric acid to obtain oxidized CNT (CNTCOOH). After grafting of butane diol at the surface of CNTCOOH, hydroxyl-containing CNT (CNTOH) was prepared. Afterward, epoxy functional groups were applied at the surface of CNTOH through its modification with (3-glycidyloxypropyl) triethoxysilane in order to prepare epoxy-containing CNT (CNTG). Finally, CNTG and epoxy resin were placed in the hybrid network through the curing process with novolac resin.
Finding: The results of FTIR-spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that modification of CNT was effectively carried out. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed uniform distribution of CNTG in the matrix of cured epoxy resin. As thermogravimetric analysis exhibited, char yield of the cured epoxy resin (26.6%) was considerably increased to 32.8% and 38.2% through incorporation of 2 and 4 wt% of CNTG into the network, respectively. According to the scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images, CNT showed tubular and entangled structure with smooth and uniform surface which even retained its structure after modification reaction. Finally, this approach can be successfully used for production of thermally-resistant thermoset hybrids for thermal protection applications.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • epoxy resin
  • novolac resin
  • carbon nanotube
  • Nanocomposite
  • thermal properties
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