اصلاح خواص غشای پلی(اتر-b-آمید) با استفاده از گلیسرول برای جداسازی گاز CO2/N2

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 اراک، دانشگاه اراک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کدپستی 8349-8-38156

2 1- اراک، دانشگاه اراک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کدپستی 8349-8-38156 2- اراک، دانشگاه اراک، موسسه علوم نانو و نانوتکنولوژی، کد پستی 3848177584

3 شهرضا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرضا، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کدپستی 86145-311

چکیده

فرضیه: جداسازی کربن‌ دی‌اکسید (CO2) از گازهای خروجی دودکش‌ها به‌‌عنوان گاز گلخانه‌ای حاصل از سوختن سوخت‌های فسیلی از دغدغه‌های اصلی در کنترل انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای است. از میان فناوری‌های مختلف جداسازی گاز، فناوری غشایی به دلیل مزایای فراوان، توجه بسیاری از پژوهشگران را به خود جلب کرده است.
روش‌ها: در این پژوهش، غشاهای آمیخته‌ای جدیدی از پلی(‌اتر-b-‌آمید) (Pebax) به‌عنوان ساختار اسکلتی غشا و گلیسرول به‌عنوان ماده افزودنی در شبکه غشا، به روش ریخته‌گری محلول-تبخیر حلال تهیه شد. تراوایی گازهای CO2 و نیتروژن (N2) در فشار خوراک  2 تا 10bar  دمای 25 درجه اندازه‌گیری شد. سپس، گزینش‌پذیری CO2/N2 و نیز ضرایب نفوذ و انحلال گازها محاسبه شد. همچنین، اثر افزودن ترکیب درصدهای وزنی مختلف گلیسرول (%25-0) در ساختار غشا و اثر فشار خوراک بر تراوایی CO2 و گزینش‌پذیری CO2/N2 نیز بررسی شد. برای تعیین خواص شکل‌شناسی غشاهای تهیه‌شده، از آزمون‌های میکروسکوپی الکترونی پویشی گسیل میدانی
(FE-SEM)، پراش پرتو X، گرماسنجی پویشی تفاضلی (DSC) و طیف‌سنجی زیرقرمز تبدیل فوریه (FTIR) استفاده شد.  
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، با افزودن گلیسرول در شبکه Pebax، تراوایی CO2 تا حدودی کاهش‌یافته اما گزینش‌پذیری CO2/N2 به‌طور چشمگیری افزایش یافته است. در فشار 10bar، گزینش‌پذیری غشای آمیخته‌ای با %15 وزنی گلیسرول %172 بیشتر از غشای Pebax خالص شد و تراوایی CO2 فقط به مقدار %23 کاهش یافت. بنابراین، غشای آمیخته‌ای دارای %15 وزنی گلیسرول به دلیل داشتن تراوایی مناسب CO2 و بیشترین مقدار گزینش‌پذیری CO2/N2، به‌عنوان غشای بهینه انتخاب شد. تصاویر FE-SEM غشای Pebax- گلیسرول بیانگر سازگاری مناسب و همگنی گلیسرول در ماتریس Pebax بود. آزمون XRD مشخص کرد، افزودن گلیسرول سبب کاهش بلورینگی غشا و کم‌شدن فاصله بین زنجیرهای پلیمر می‌‌شود. نتایج DSC نشان داد، با افزودن گلیسرول در ساختار غشا، دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای اندکی کمتر می‌شود. آزمون FTIR هیچ نوار جذبی جدیدی در مقایسه با نوارهای مربوط به مواد تشکیل‌دهنده غشا نشان نداد که نشانگر برهم‌کنش فیزیکی بین Pebax و گلیسرول است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Modification of Poly(ether-b-amide) Membrane Properties Using Glycerol for CO2/N2 Gas Separation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reyhane Ahmadi 1
  • Hamidreza Sanaeepur 2
  • Abtin Ebadi Amooghin 2
  • Ali Heydari 3
1 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Postal Code: 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran
2 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Postal Code: 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran 2. Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Arak University, Postal Code: 3848177584, Arak, Iran
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Postal Code: 311-86145, Shahreza, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Carbon dioxide (CO2) separation from flue gases as a green-house gas produced from the combustion of fossil fuels is one of the main concerns in controlling the green-house gas emissions. Among the various technologies employed for gas separation, membrane technology due to its many advantages has attracted more attentions.
Methods: A new blend membranes were prepared by solution casting/solvent evaporation method from poly(ether-b-amide) (Pebax) – as a backbone structure – and glycerol as an additive in the membrane matrix. CO2 and N2 permeability rates were measured at pressures of 2-10 bar and temperature of 25 °C. Afterwards, the CO2/N2 gas permeation properties were determined. Moreover, the effect of different glycerol loadings (0-25 wt%) in the membrane matrix and also the effect of feed pressure on CO2 permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity were investigated. Morphological characteristics of the prepared membranes were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses.
Findings: The achieved results showed that by addition of glycerol to Pebax matrix, CO2 permeability was decreased somewhat but the CO2/N2 selectivity was considerably increased. At pressure of 10 bar, CO2/N2 selectivity of the blend membrane with 15 wt% glycerol was 172% higher than that of pure Pebax, while the CO2 permeability declined only by about 23%. Therefore, the blend membrane containing 15 wt% glycerol with a good CO2 permeability and a high CO2/N2 selectivity was selected as the optimum membrane. The FE-SEM observations revealed the compatibility and homogeneity of glycerol in the Pebax matrix. The XRD analysis determined that the addition of glycerol decreases the membrane crystallinity and the d-spacing between the polymer chains. The DSC results revealed that the insertion of glycerol in the membrane structure decreased the glass transition temperature. The FTIR spectra showed no new absorption band except for those for the constituent species, which suggests a physical interaction between Pebax and glycerol.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • blend membrane
  • Pebax
  • Glycerol
  • carbon dioxide
  • nitrogen

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