اثر نانوذرات روی اکسید بر خواص مکانیکی، گرمایی و زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری فیلم‌های زیست‌کامپوزیتی بر پایه ژلاتین

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مشهد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، صندوق پستی 9177948978

2 مشهد، جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری مواد غذایی، صندوق پستی

چکیده

فرضیه: محدودیت اصلی زیست‌پلیمرها در مقایسه با پلیمرهای پایه نفتی، خواص مکانیکی و فیزیکی ضعیف آنهاست. در سال‌های اخیر تلاش‌هایی انجام‌شده تا با جادادن مناسب نانوذرات در پلیمر این مشکل برطرف شود و با بهبود نسبی خواص فیزیکی و مکانیکی این فیلم‌ها، محدودیت استفاده از آن‌ها در صنعت بسته‌بندی تا حد زیادی از بین برود. هدف پژوهش حاضر، جادادن نانوذرات روی اکسید در فیلم‌های نانوکامپوزیتی بر پایه زیست‌پلیمر ژلاتین به‌منظور بهبود خواص فیزیکی، مکانیکی و گرمایی آن‌ها بود.
روش‌ها: فیلم‌های نانوکامپوزیتی بر پایه ژلاتین با افزودن مقادیر مختلف نانوذرات روی اکسید (0، 0.5، 1.5 و %3) با روش شناخته‌شده قالب‌گیری تهیه شدند. با انجام آزمون‌های مختلف خواص مختلف فیلم‌های نانوکامپوزیتی تهیه‌شده شامل ضخامت، چگالی، تراوایی بخار آب، خواص مکانیکی، درجه شفافیت، ویژگی‌های رنگی و در نهایت مقدار زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری بررسی شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، با افزایش غلظت نانوذرات روی اکسید استحکام کششی زیست‌فیلم‌ افزایش و ازیاد طول تا پارگی کاهش یافت. نتایج آزمون‌های فیزیکی نشان داد، با افزایش غلظت نانوذرات تراوایی به بخار آب از 0.76 به 0.48 کاهش یافت. جاددادن نانوذرات روی اکسید بر شفافیت زیست‌فیلم مؤثر بوده و شفافیت با افزایش غلظت نانوذرات کاهش یافت. افزودن نانو‌ذرات به فیلم‌های برپایه ژلاتین موجب افزایش خواص گرمایی شامل دماهای انتقال شیشه‌ای (Tg) و ذوب (Tm) شد. همچنین پایداری گرمایی زیست فیلم‌ها از 533.38 (در %0.5 نانوذرات) به 559.53 درجه سلسیوس (در %1.5 نانوذرات) افزایش یافت. افزون بر این، نتایج بررسی زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری در خاک و نور نشان داد، با افزایش غلظت نانوذرات، زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری فیلم‌ها کاهش یافت. این نتیجه به‌دلیل افزودن نانوذرات است که موجب استحکام پیوند قوی‌تر میان اجزای ترکیب و تأخیر در زیست‌تخریب‌پذیری می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Mechanical, Thermal and Biodegradability of Gelatin-Based Biocomposite Properties Films

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Eshagh 1
  • Mohammad Hossein Abbaspour-Fard 1
  • Mohammad Tabasizadeh 1
  • Fereshteh Hosseini 2
1 Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 9177948978, Mashhad, Iran
2 Academic Jahad of Mashhad, Department of Food Science, P.O.Box Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: The basic limitation of biopolymers compared to the petroleum-based polymers is their weak physical and mechanical properties. In recent years, efforts have been made to properly incorporate nanoparticles into the polymer to reduce the limitation of their use in the packaging industry by partially improving the physical and mechanical properties of these films. This study aimed to incorporate zinc oxide nanoparticles into gelatin-biopolymer-based nanocomposite films, in order to improve their physical, mechanical and thermal properties.
Methods: Gelatin-based nanocomposite films were prepared by adding different amounts of zinc oxide nanoparticles (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3%) using the so-called casting method. By performing several tests, different properties of the manufactured nanocomposite films including thickness, density, water vapor permeability, mechanical properties, degree of transparency, color properties and finally, their biodegradability were investigated.
Findings: the results showed that increasing the concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles increased the tensile strength and decreased the elongation-at-break of this biofilm. The results of physical tests showed that increase in nanoparticles concentration reduced the permeability to water vapor from 0.76 to 0.48. Incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles affected the transparency of the biofilms i.e. their transparency reduced by increasing nanoparticles concentration. By adding nanoparticles to gelatin-based films, thermal properties including glass transition temperature and melting temperature increased. Also, the thermal stability of the biofilms increased from 533.38°C (0.5% nanoparticles) to 559.53°C (1.5% nanoparticles). The results of biodegradability in soil and light showed that with increasing the concentration of nanoparticles, the biodegradability was reduced. This is mainly due to the addition of nanoparticles, which results in a greater bond strength between the components, and consequently the delay in biodegradation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • film
  • nanocomposites
  • physical stability
  • TGA
  • zinc oxide

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