زنجیرهای پلی‌استیرن با چگالی‌های پیوندخوردگی متفاوت بر سطح گرافن اکسید با روش پیوندزنی از میان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تبریز، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند تبریز، دانشکده مهندسی پلیمر، صندوق پستی 996-51335

2 تبریز، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند تبریز، پژوهشکده مواد پلیمری، صندوق پستی 1996-51335

چکیده

فرضیه: گرافن ‌اکسید (GO) اصلاح‌شده با عامل شیمیایی دارای پیوند دوگانه در تهیه کامپوزیت‌های پلی‌استیرنی با روش ترکیبی پیوندزنی از میان و پلیمرشدن انتقال زنجیر افزایشی‌-جدایشی بازگشت‌پذیر (RAFT) به‌کارگرفته شدند. به‌کارگیری دو موقعیت واکنش برای پیوندزنی درجای زنجیرهای پلی‌استیرن از سطح گرافن ‌اکسید، افزایش چگالی پیوندزنی در فرایند پلیمرشدن با ‌روش پیوندزنی از میان در دو موقعیت مختلف و بررسی پلیمرشدن RAFT استیرن با دو چگالی پیوندزنی مختلف و نیز مقدار متفاوت گرافن، هدف‌های اصلی این پژوهش بودند.
روش‌ها‌: پس از اصلاح GO با اتیلن‌دی‌آمین (EDA) و دستیابی به GO عامل‌دارشده با EDA و(GOA)، واکنش جفت‌شدن میان GOA و 3-(کلرودی‌متیل سیلیل) پروپیل متاکریلات (MCS) برای به‌دست آوردن لایه‌های GOA اصلاح‌شده با MCS و (GOOHD) با مقدار متفاوت اصلاح‌کننده انجام شد. سپس، روش پیوندزنی از میان پلیمرشدن RAFT برای تهیه کامپوزیت‌های پلی‌استیرنی به‌کار گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج طیف‌نمایی نورالکترونی پرتو X نشان داد، اصلاح لایه‌های گرافن اکسید با EDA و MCS موفقیت‌آمیز بوده ‌است. همچنین، آزمون طیف‌نمایی زیرقرمز تبدیل فوریه نشان‌ داد، پیوندهای مولکولی به‌درستی طی واکنش‌ها تشکیل شدند. تغییرات مزدوج‌شدگی الکترونی نیز با طیف‌نمایی رامان مطالعه‌ شد. متوسط عددی وزن مولکولی و شاخص پراکندگی زنجیرهای پلی‌استیرن پیوندخورده و آزاد با روش سوانگاری ژل‌ تراوایی محاسبه ‌شد. با آزمون گرماوزن‌سنجی، خواص گرمایی و نسبت‌های پیوندزنی اصلاح‌کننده‌ها و زنجیرهای پلی‌استیرن بررسی شد. نسبت‌ پیوندزنی اصلاح‌کننده‌ها به‌ترتیب 12.9 و %7.5 برای لایه‌های اصلاح‌شده GO با چگالی‌های پیوندزنی کم و زیاد به‌دست آمد. عکس‌های میکروسکوپی الکترونی پویشی و عبوری نشان داد، در اثر اکسایش، لایه‌های صاف و مسطح گرافیت به لایه‌های چروکیده تبدیل می‌شوند و اتصال زنجیرهای پلی‌استیرن به سطح لایه‌ها از شفافیت و وضوح آن‌ها می‌کاهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Polystyrene Chains with Different Grafting Densities on the Surface of Graphene Oxide by "Grafting Through” Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hanieh Mardani 1
  • Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani 2
1 Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
2 Institute of Polymeric Materials; Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Graphene oxide (GO) modified with a double bond-containing chemical was used in the preparation of polystyrene composites by combination of “grafting through” and reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization methods. The main objectives were (1) application of two reaction sites for in situ grafting of polystyrene chains from the GO surface, (2) increasing of grafting density in the polymerization process by grafting through two different sites and (3) evaluation of styrene RAFT polymerization in two different grafting densities and various GO contents.
Methods: After modification of GO with ethylenediamine (EDA) using nucleophilic ring opening reaction that is resulted in amine-functionalized GO (GOA), coupling reaction was conducted between the GOA and (3-methacryloxypropyl) dimethylchlorosilane (MCS) to obtain GOOHD layers with different modifier contents. Then, grafting through RAFT polymerization method was utilized for preparation of polystyrene composites.
Findings: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows successful modification of the GO layers with EDA and MCS. Molecular bonding characterization was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the neat and modified GO. Variations in electron conjugation were studied by Raman spectroscopy. Molecular weight and polydispersity index of the free and anchored polystyrene chains were calculated from the size exclusion chromatography. By using thermogravimetric analysis, thermal properties and grafting ratios of the modifiers and polystyrene chains were studied. Grafting ratio of the modifiers was 12.9% and 7.5% for the modified GO layers with high and low grafting densities, respectively. Morphology of the GO layers was investigated through transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Oxidation changed the flat and smooth graphite to wrinkled layers, and grafting polystyrene chains resulted in turbid layers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Polystyrene
  • graphene oxide
  • reversible addition- fragmentation chain transfer polymerization
  • grafting through
  • grafting density

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 33، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 167
مرداد و شهریور 1399
صفحه 255-270

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