بهینه‌سازی داربست‌های پلی‌یورتانی با طراحی آزمون تاگوچی برای کاربردهای مهندسی بافت عروق

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تهران، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، دانشکده مهندسی پزشکی، گروه بیومتریال و مهندسی بافت، صندوق پستی 4413-15875

2 تهران، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، دانشکده مهندسی نساجی، آزمایشگاه نانوالیاف و الکتروریسی، صندوق پستی 4413-15875

چکیده

فرضیه: مهندسی بافت عروق، راهکارهای نوآورانه‌ای برای حل مشکلات جایگزین‌های عروقی به‌ویژه با قطر کم ارائه می‌دهد. الکتروریسی روشی کاربردی و ارزان برای تولید داربست‌های مهندسی بافت است. اگرچه این روش به‌نسبت ساده است، اما از نظر برهم‌کنش‌های میان پارامترهای فرایندی و اثر آن‌ها بر شکل‌شناسی الیاف هنوز کاملاً مشخص نیست. در این مطالعه، هدف تعیین متغیرهای بهینه به‌منظور دستیابی به کمترین قطر الیاف با روش تاگوچی برای کاربردهای مهندسی بافت عروق است.
روش‌ها: داربست‌های پلی‌یورتانی در دی‌متیل فرمامید با فرایند الکتروریسی تهیه شدند. غلظت پلیمر و پارامترهای فرایندی به‌عنوان عامل‌های مؤثر درنظر گرفته شدند. با کمک آرایه L9 روش تاگوچی، طراحی آزمون انجام و شرایط بهینه‌سازی الکتروریسی با استفاده از نسبت علامت به نوفه (S/N) به‌کمک نرم‌افزار Minitab 17 تعیین شد. شکل‌شناسی الیاف با میکروسکوپی الکترونی پویشی بررسی شد. افزون بر آن، سلول‌های اندوتلیال ورید بند ناف انسان (HUVEC) به‌منظور بررسی سمیت سلولی و چسبندگی سلولی روی داربست‌های بهینه کشت شد.
یافته‌ها: تحلیل آزمون‌‌ها نشان داد، غلظت پلی‌یورتان اثرگذار‌ترین پارامتر است. شرایط بهینه برای تولید الیاف، با غلظت %12 وزنی پلیمر، ولتاژ kV 16، فاصله 15cm بین جمع‌کننده و نازل و سرعت تغذیه 0.1mL/h به‎دست آمد. با روش تاگوچی میانگین قطر الیاف در محدوده 242.1nm  تا 257.92nm با سطح اطمینان %95 پیش‌بینی شد. قطر الیاف در این شرایط از نظر تجربی نیز 258±30nm بود که با مقدار تخمین زده‌شده با این روش مطابقت خوبی داشت. همچنین، زنده‌مانی سلول‌ها %88.59 گزارش شد و سلول‌ها چسبندگی مناسبی به داربست نشان دادند. بنابراین، داربست‌ها تهیه‌شده نتایج امیدوارکننده‌ای در تقلید ماتریس خارج سلولی و در نتیجه مهندسی بافت عروق نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of Polyurethane Scaffolds by Taguchi Design of Experiments for Vascular Tissue Engineering Applications

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Nezadi 1
  • Hamid Keshvari 1
  • Maryam Yousefzadeh 2
1 Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
2 Nanofibers and Electrospinning Lab., Department of Textile Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Vascular tissue engineering offers innovative solutions to the vascular replacement problems, especially low diameter grafts. Electrospinning is a cost-effective and versatile method for producing tissue engineering scaffolds. Although this method is relatively simple, but at theoretical level the interactions between process parameters and their influence on fiber morphology are not yet fully understood. In this paper, the aim was to find the optimal electrospinning parameters to obtain the smallest fiber diameter by Taguchi’s methodology for vascular tissue engineering applications.
Methods: The scaffolds were produced by electrospinning of a polyurethane solution in dimethylformamide. Polymer concentration and process parameters were considered as effective factors. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal design was applied to the experiential design. Optimal conditions were determined using the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio with Minitab 17 software. The morphology of the nanofibers was studied by an SEM. Then, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured on the optimal scaffolds to investigate cellular toxicity of the scaffolds and cell adhesion.
Findings: The analysis of experiments showed that polyurethane concentration was the most significant parameter. An optimum combination to reach the smallest diameters was obtained at 12 wt% polymer concentration, 16 kV of the supply voltage, 0.1 mL/h feed rate and 15 cm tip-to-distance. The average diameter of the nanofibers was predicted in the range of 242.10 to 257.92 nm at a confidence level of 95%. The optimum diameter of the nanofibers was experimentally 258±30 nm, which is in good agreement with the estimated value of the Taguchi’s methodology. Cell viability was also reported to be 88.59% and the cells showed good adhesion to the scaffold. These scaffolds can show promising results in mimicking the extracellular matrix and thus in vascular tissue engineering.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • vascular tissue engineering
  • electrospinning
  • polyurethane
  • Taguchi’s methodology
  • optimization

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