بررسی مقاومت ضربه‌ای نانوکامپوزیت سه‌فازی پلی‌استال-پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم-دوده برای کاربرد در پایه سپر

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تهران، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، کد پستی 1435763811

2 تهران، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، گروه مهندسی مواد و متالوژی، کد پستی 1435763811

چکیده

فرضیه: در این پژوهش، اثر نانوذرات دوده و پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم بر استحکام کششی و مقاومت ضربه‌ای پلی‌استال مطالعه شده است که کاربرد فراوانی در ساخت قطعات خودرو همچون پایه سپر دارد. بهبود مقاومت ضربه‌ای پلی‌استال، از جمله چالش‌های صنعت خوردو است که موجب کاهش آسیب جلوبندی خودرو در تصادفات می‌شود. جادادن فاز پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم در ماتریس پلی‌استال، می‌تواند سازگاری مناسبی با پلیمر ماتریس ایجاد کند و مقاومت ضربه‌ای آمیخته را افزایش دهد. افزون ‌بر این، وجود دوده در ماتریس پلی‌استال می‌تواند به‌طور هم‌زمان استحکام کششی و مقاومت ضربه‌ای و مقاومت در برابر پرتو فرابنفش پلی‌استال را افزایش دهد. 
روش‌ها: نمونه‌های استاندارد کشش و ضربه نانوکامپوزیت بر پایه آمیخته پلی‌استال دارای %42/0 وزنی تقویت‌کننده نانوذرات دوده و فاز پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم (10، 15 و %20 وزنی) با اکسترودر دوپیچی و قالب‌گیری تزریقی تولید شدند. آزمون‌های استاندارد کشش و ضربه برای ارزیابی عملکرد مکانیکی نانوکامپوزیت‌ها انجام شد. شکل‌شناسی سطوح شکست نمونه‌های ضربه و سازوکار‌های چقرمگی با استفاده از میکروسکوپی الکترونی پویشی بررسی شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمون‌ کشش نشان داد، وجود نانوذرات دوده باعث افزایش مدول یانگ و استحکام کششی پلی‌استال شد. با وجود این‌‌، افزودن پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم در آمیخته پلی‌استال-دوده باعث کاهش استحکام کششی شد. افزودن یک فاز با قطعه‌های نرم به ماتریس گرمانرم دارای قطعه‌های سخت، استحکام کششی را کاهش داد. افزون ‌بر این، فاز تقویت‌کننده دوده و فاز پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم، درصد ازدیاد طول نانوکامپوزیت سه‌فازی را افزایش داد. نتایج آزمون ضربه نشان داد، وجود نانوذرات دوده و پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم در ماتریس پلی‌استال به افزایش مقاومت ضربه‌ای منجر می‌شود. تغییرشکل پلاستیک، لیفچه‌ای‌شدن، تَرکچه‌زایی و تشکیل میکروحفره در مجاورت نانوذرات دوده و پلی‌یورتان گرمانرم، به‌عنوان سازوکار‌های چقرمگی غالب در نانوکامپوزیت‌ها بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Impact Resistance of POM/TPU/CB Three-Phase Nanocomposite for Application in Bumper Bracket

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rasool Mohsenzadeh 1
  • Amir Fathi 2
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Materials and Metallurgy Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: The effect of carbon black nanoparticles and thermoplastic polyurethane on the tensile strength and impact properties of polyacetal (POM), which is widely used in the application of automotive parts such as bumper brackets, has been investigated. Improving the impact resistance of polyacetal is one of the challenges of automotive industry, which would diminish the car damage in accidents. The incorporation of thermoplastic polyurethane into the polyacetal matrix can create good compatibility and increase its impact resistance. In addition, the presence of carbon block in the polyacetal matrix can simultaneously elevate the tensile strength and impact resistance and increase the UV resistance of polyacetal.
Methods: Standard mechanical testing specimens of the POM/CB/TPU nanocomposites, containing 0.42% (by wt) carbon black and different fractions of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 % (by wt) of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were produced through a twin-screw extruder and injection molding. Standard tensile and impact tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical performance of nanocomposites. The morphology of fractured surfaces of impact specimens and the toughening mechanisms were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 
Findings: The results of tensile test showed that the presence of carbon black nanoparticles increases the Young's modulus and the tensile strength of polyacetal. However, the inclusion of thermoplastic polyurethane into the POM/CB reduced the tensile behavior. The incorporation of a phase with soft segments to the polymeric matrix with hard segments reduces the tensile strength. In addition, the carbon black and the thermoplastic polyurethane increase the elongation-at-break of this three-phase nanocomposite. The results of impact test showed that the presence of carbon black nanoparticles and thermoplastic polyurethane in the polyacetal matrix leads to enhanced impact resistance. Plastic deformation, crazing, fibrillated structure and microvoid were the dominant toughening mechanisms in nanocomposites.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • POM
  • TPU
  • carbon black nanoparticle
  • impact resistance
  • morphology

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 34، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 176
بهمن و اسفند 1400
صفحه 557-568

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