پوشش‌های ضدباکتری بر پایه پلی‌یورتان‌های آب‌پایه‌: مروری بر روش‌های سنتز، خواص و کاربرد‌ها

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

اصفهان، دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکده شیمی، گروه شیمی پلیمر، کدپستی ۷۳۴۴١-٨١۷۴٦

چکیده

امروزه شیوع عفونت‌های باکتریایی و خسارات جانی و مالی ناشی از آن سبب شده است، دانشمندان همواره در پی یافتن راهکارهایی برای توسعه دانش در مهار این میکروارگانیسم‌های بیماری‌زا باشند. چسبندگی باکتری‌ها و رشد آن‌ها روی سطوح مختلف سبب ایجاد تجمع این میکروارگانیسم‌ها و تشکیل زیست‌فیلم می‌شود. این میکروکلونی‌های تشکیل‌شده‌ امکان رشد دارند و می‌توانند با جداشدن سطوح سبب گسترش عفونت شوند. بنابراین، بهترین راه برای جلوگیری از گسترش عفونت و بیماری‌ها، جلوگیری از تشکیل زیست‌فیلم ‌با استفاده از سطوح ضدمیکروب است. یکی از مهم‌ترین ابزارهای معرفی‌شده در این زمینه استفاده از پوشش‌های پلیمری ضدباکتری است. در میان پلیمرها، پلی‌یورتان‌ها به‌دلیل داشتن خواص منحصر به‌فرد از جمله، زیست‌سازگاری، امکان استفاده از مواد اولیه گوناگون و کنترل‌پذیری خواص مورد توجه فراوانی در این زمینه قرار گرفته‌اند. در سا‌ل‌های اخیر، پلی‌یورتان‌های آب‌پایه به‌دلیل کاهش استفاده از ترکیبات آلی فرار (VOC)، ساخت راحت، گران‌رَوی کم، امکان افشاندن‌، چسبندگی زیاد به سطوح مختلف، مقاومت سایشی زیاد، قابلیت پراکنش انواع افزودنی‌ها و تشکیل سریع فیلم در زمینه‌های زیست‌پزشکی نظیر پوشش‌های ضدباکتری، زخم‌پوش‌ها و محصولات زیستی بسیار مطالعات شده‌اند. در این مقاله مروری، ابتدا انواع روش‌های تهیه پوشش‌های پلیمری ضدباکتری تشریح می‌شوند که شامل استفاده از نانوساختارها، آمیخه‌سازی با پلیمرهای ضدباکتری و استفاده از مونومرهای ضدباکتری هستند. سپس، پلی‌یورتان‌ها و پلی‌یورتان‌های آب‌پایه معرفی می‌شوند. در ادامه، مطالعات انجام‌شده در زمینه تهیه پلی‌یورتان‌های آب‌پایه ضدباکتری با استفاده از راهکار‌هایی مانند افزودن نانوساختارها، آمیخته‌سازی با پلیمرهای ضدباکتری، بارگذاری دارو، استفاده از مونومرهای ضدباکتری و اصلاح سطح پلیمر مرور می‌شوند. محصولات تهیه‌شده طی این مطالعات برای کاربردهای گوناگونی نظیر پوشش‌دهی تجهیزات پزشکی، زخم‌پوش‌ها و صنایع بسته‌بندی پیشنهاد شده‌اند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Antibacterial Coatings Based on Waterborne Polyurethanes: A Review on Synthesis Methods, Properties and Applications

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Mohammadi
  • mahtab eslamiyeh
Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Postal Code 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, the prevalence of bacterial infections and their resulting human and financial losses has led scientists constantly to seek solutions to develop knowledge in controlling these pathogenic microorganisms. Bacterial adhesion and their growth on different surfaces cause the accumulation of these microorganisms and the formation of biofilms. These developed microcolonies can grow and detach from the surface and spread infections. Therefore, the best way to prevent spreading the infections and diseases is to prevent the formation of biofilms using antimicrobial surfaces. In this regard, one of the most important tools introduced is the use of antibacterial polymer coatings. Polyurethanes have received much attention due to their unique properties such as biocompatibility, the possibility of using various raw materials, and controllable properties. In recent years, waterborne polyurethanes have been extensively studied due to less frequent use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in their preparations, easy fabrication, low viscosity, the possibility of spraying, high adhesion to different surfaces, high abrasion resistance, ability to disperse a variety of additives, and rapid film formation in biomedical fields such as antibacterial coatings, wound dressings, and biological products. In this review article, first, the various methods of preparing antibacterial polymer coatings are described. These methods include the use of nanostructures, combined with antibacterial polymers, and the use of antibacterial monomers. As a result, polyurethanes and waterborne polyurethanes have been developed. The following is a review of studies on the preparation of antibacterial waterborne polyurethanes using different strategies such as the addition of nanostructures, blending with antibacterial polymers, drug loading, the use of antibacterial monomers, and polymer surface modification. The products developed during these studies have been proposed for a variety of applications such as medical equipment coating, wound dressings and packaging industry. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Waterborne polyurethanes
  • Antibacterial coatings
  • Microorganisms
  • Synthesis
  • Application

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 35، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 177
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1401
صفحه 3-23

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