طراحی و ساخت اسفنج‏‌های پلی‏ یورتان اصلاح‌شده با الیاف پشم ‏‌سنگ: اثر مقدار تقویت‌کننده بر خواص آکوستیکی و مکانیکی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تبریز، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، دانشکده بهداشت، گروه مهندسی بهداشت حرفه‌ای، صندوق پستی 5166614711

2 تهران، پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران، پژوهشکده فرایند، گروه رنگ و روکش‏ های سطح، صندوق پستی 112-14975

3 تبریز، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، دانشکده بهداشت، گروه آمار و اپیدمیولوژی، صندوق پستی 5166614711

چکیده

فرضیه‌: هدف از این مطالعه، تمرکز بر بهبود خواص آکوستیکی و مکانیکی اسفنج‌های پلی‌یورتان اصلاح‌‌شده با درصدهای مختلف
(1.2-0%wt) الیاف پشم ‏سنگ است که طی فرایند پلیمرشدن سنتز شدند.
روش‌ها: به‌منظور ساخت کامپوزیت‏‌های آکوستیک، ارتباط بین پارامترهای غیرآکوستیکی (مقاومت جریان هوا، تخلخل، چگالی و درصد الیاف تقویت‏‌کننده) و ریزساختاری با مقدار ضریب جذب صوت بررسی شد. اندازه‏‌گیری ضریب جذب صوت با لوله‏ امپدانس دومیکروفنی در محدوده‏ بسامد  63Hz تا 6400Hz مطابق با استاندارد ISIRI 9803 بدون شکاف هوا در پشت نمونه انجام شد. شکل‌شناسی ساختار فیزیکی و استحکام کششی به‌ترتیب با میکروسکوپی الکترونی پویشی گسیل میدانی (FE-SEM) و آزمایش استحکام کششی بررسی شد. اندازه‏‌گیری پارامترهای غیرآکوستیکی شامل تخلخل و مقاومت جریان هوا (AFR) به‌ترتیب با آزمون تخلخل‌سنجی و روش ارشمیدس انجام شد. 
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، افزایش درصد الیاف پشم ‏سنگ در اسفنح پلی‏‌یورتان، سبب افزایش سختی سطح اسفنج شده است و ضریب جذب صوت در همه محدوده بسامدی برای همه‏ نمونه‌‏های مطالعه‌شده افزایش یافت. بیشترین ضریب جذب صوت را نمونه‌های اسفنج کامپوزیت الیاف-پلی‌یورتان %1.2wtدر محدوده بسامد  4000-2000Hz نشان دادند. این افزایش در ضریب جذب صوت احتمالاً مرتبط با کوچک‌شدن اندازه منفذ با افزایش مقدار الیاف در ترکیب با اسفنج پلی‏‌یورتان حاصل از نتایج شکل‌شناسی است. با تغییر مقدار‌ الیاف تقویت‌کننده، خواص مکانیکی اسفنج‌ها (استحکام کششی) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد، استحکام کششی اسفنج‌های کامپوزیت با اضافه‌کردن الیاف به‌طور شایان توجهی بهبود یافت. در نهایت تحلیل رگرسیون برای بررسی ارتباط بین پارامترهای غیرآکوستیکی (شامل مقاومت جریان هوا، تخلخل، چگالی و درصد تقویت‌کننده) و ضریب جذب صوت انجام شد که تناسب نسبتاً خوبی بین داده‌های تجربی و آماری حاصل شد. داده‌ها و نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد، این اسفنج‌های کامپوزیتی را می‌توان برای کاهش صدا به‌کار برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Design and Fabrication of Polyurethane Foams Modified with Rock Wool Fiber: The Effect of Reinforcement Amount on Acoustical and Mechanical Properties

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behzad Mohammdi 1
  • Amir Ershad 2
  • Gholamreza Moradi 1
  • Abdolrasoul صفاییان 3
  • Farnaz Heyran Kahnamuei 1
1 Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 5166614711, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Color and Surface Coatings, Faculty of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 5166614711, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: The goal of the study was to focus on improving the acoustic and mechanical properties of polyurethane foams doped with rock wool fibers, at different percentages (rock wool fiber) (0-1.2% by wt), that were synthesized using the polymerization process.
Methods: In order to fabricate acoustic composites, the relationship between non-acoustical parameters (airflow resistivity, porosity, density, and percentage of reinforcing fibers) and microstructure with sound absorption coefficient (SAC) was investigated. SAC was measured using a two-microphone impedance tube in the frequency range of 63-6400 Hz according to the ISIRI 9803 standard without an air gap behind the sample. Physical structure morphology and tensile strength were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and tensile strength test, respectively. Non-acoustic measurements including porosity and air flow resistance (AFR) were performed using porosimetry test (BET) test, and Archimedes method. 
Findings: The results showed that increasing the RF amount in the polyurethane foam increased the hardness of the foam surface, and the SAC increased in all frequency range on all the studied samples. The highest SAC was shown by fiber-polyurethane composite foam (2% by wt) sample in the frequency range of 2000-4000 Hz. This increase in the sound absorption coefficient is probably related to the reduction in pore size with the increase in the amount of fibers in polyurethane foam, as shown by the morphological results. The mechanical properties (tensile strength) of foams were investigated by changing the amount of reinforcing fibers. The results showed that the tensile strength of composite foams significantly improved by adding fibers. Eventually, regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between non-acoustic parameters (airflow resistivity, porosity, density, and percentage of reinforcing fibers) and SAC. A relatively good fit between the experimental and statistical data was obtained. The data and results of this study showed that composite foams can be used to reduce noise.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • sound absorption coefficient: non
  • acoustical parameters: rock wool fiber: composite foam: mechanical properties

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 35، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 178
خرداد و تیر 1401
صفحه 97-109

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