کاهش ترشوندگی غشاهای متخلخل پلیمری در تماس‌دهنده‌های غشایی: مروری بر روش‌ها و عوامل مؤثر بر آن

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 بهبهان، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء (ص) بهبهان، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، کد پستی 63616-63973

2 تبریز، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، صندوق پستی 51335-1996

چکیده

تماس‌دهنده‌های غشایی گاز‌-مایع جایگزین‌های امیدوارکننده‌ای برای فناوری‌های جذب متداول هستند. چنین سامانه‌هایی با وجود داشتن برتری‌های مهم، با مشکل عمده تَرشوندگی تدریجی غشاهای متخلخل پلیمری با جاذب مایع مواجه هستند. در حقیقت، ترشوندگی غشاهای متخلخل پلیمری با جاذب‌های مایع، موجب افزایش مقاومت انتقال جرم فاز غشا می‌شود که در نتیجه آن بازده جذب گاز کاهش می‌یابد. بر این اساس، در مقاله حاضر اثر ترشوندگی غشا بر مقاومت انتقال جرم و بازده جذب و نیز اثر عوامل مؤثر بر پدیده ترشوندگی غشا مانند خواص جاذب و خواص غشا بررسی و نیز روش‌های مختلف جلوگیری از ترشوندگی غشا به‌تفصیل بحث شده است. نتایج مطالعات حاکی از افزایش مقدار ترشوندگی در سرعت‌ و فشار زیاد مایع جاذب است. همچنین کشش سطحی در جاذب‌های دارای ترکیبات آلی ‌با افزایش غلظت ترکیبات آلی به‌سرعت کاهش می‌یابد که افزایش مقدار ترشوندگی غشا را در پی دارد. بررسی‌های انجام‌شده درباره غشاهای مختلف پلیمری نشان داد، تغییرات ساختاری و شیمیایی سطح غشا که در اثر تماس بلندمدت غشا با جاذب‌های آمینی روی می‌دهد، به‌شدت مقدار ترشوندگی غشا و در نتیجه قابلیت عملکرد آن را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. همچنین، مطالعات انجام‌شده نشان داد، اصلاح سطح غشاها یکی از کارآمدترین روش‌ها برای جلوگیری از مشکل ترشوندگی آن‌هاست. با انجام اصلاح سطح می‌توان انرژی آزاد سطح غشا را کاهش و زبری آن را افزایش داد و بدین ترتیب موجب افزایش قدرت آب‌گریزی سطح غشا شد. در این میان، نانوفناوری یکی از مهم‌ترین فناوری‌ها در تولید غشاهای ابَر‌آب‌گریز در جلوگیری از مشکل ترشوندگی غشاهای متخلخل پلیمری معرفی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reducing the Wettability of Porous Polymeric Membranes in Membrane Contactors: An Overview on the Methods and Their Effective Parameters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parya Amirabedi 1
  • Saba Raveshiyan 2
  • Reza Yegani 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Postal Code 63616-63973, Behbahan, Iran
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Gas-liquid membrane contactors are promising alternatives to conventional absorption technologies. However, despite their significant advantages, such systems face the major problem of gradual wetting of the porous polymeric membranes with liquid absorbents. In fact, wetting of porous polymeric membranes by liquid absorbents increases the mass transfer resistance of the membrane phase, which in turn, reduces the gas absorption efficiency. Accordingly, in this paper, the effect of membrane wetting on mass transfer resistance and absorption efficiency has been studied. The influence of effective parameters on membrane wetting phenomenon, such as absorbent and membrane properties, is investigated. In addition, different prevention methods of membrane wetting is discussed in detail. The results show the increase in the rate of wetting at high velocity and pressure of the absorbent. In the case of absorbents-containing organic compounds, their surface tension is decreased rapidly with the increasing concentration of organic compounds, which increased the wetting rate of the membrane. In addition, studies on various polymeric membranes have shown that the structural and chemical changes of the membrane surface, which occur due to long-term contact of the membranes with amine absorbents, strongly increase the wetting of the membranes, and thus, its functionality. Moreover, studies have shown that modifying the surface of membranes is one of the most effective methods to prevent the problem of wetting. By modifying the surface, the free energy of the membrane surface can be reduced and its roughness can be increased, thus increasing the hydrophobicity of the membrane surface. Among these, nanotechnology has been introduced as one of the most important technologies in the production of superhydrophobic membranes to prevent the problem of wetting the porous polymeric membranes. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Membrane contactors
  • Wetting
  • Superhydrophobic
  • Nanotechnology
  • Membrane surface modification

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 35، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 179
مرداد و شهریور 1401
صفحه 181-200

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