اثر شکل‌شناسی زیرآیند پلی‌یورتان بر خواص گازتراوایی غشاهای لایه‌ای کوپلیمر قطعه‌ای پلی(دی‌متیل‌سیلوکسان)/پلی‌یورتان

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

تهران، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، گروه مهندسی پلیمر، صندوق پستی 143-14115

چکیده

فرضیه: غشاهای کوپلیمرهای قطعه‌ای پلی(دی‌متیل‌سیلوکسان) گزینه مناسبی در کاربرد جداسازی گاز هستند. خواص جداسازی گاز و استحکام مکانیکی این پلیمرها با ساخت غشاهای لایه‌ای بهبودپذیر است. در غشاهای لایه‌ای، لایه پوششی معمولاً کنترل‌کننده جریان و گزینش‌پذیری گاز در غشای کامپوزیتی است، در حالی که زیرآیند متخلخل به‌عنوان تأمین‌کننده استحکام مکانیکی غشای لایه‌ای نقش ایفا می‌کند. لایه متراکم، در سطح مشترک زیرآیند و لایه گزینشی، می‌تواند بر بازده جداسازی گاز غشاهای لایه‌ای اثرگذار باشد و عملکرد آن به شکل‌شناسی و تراوایی زیرآیند و خواص تراوایی لایه پوششی وابسته است. هدف این پژوهش، ساخت و بررسی اثر شکل‌شناسی زیرآیند، بر عملکرد غشاهای لایه‌ای کوپلیمرهای قطعه‌ای پلی(دی‌متیل‌سیلوکسان)/پلی‌یورتان است.
روش‌ها: زیرآیند‌های پلی‌یورتان با روش جدایی فاز القایی با ضدحلال (NIPS) تهیه شدند. زیرآیند‌های مختلف با تغییر ترکیب درصد محلول ریخته‌گری (10، 20، 25، %30 وزنی پلیمر) و حمام رسوب‌دهی (نسبت مولی آب/متانول=100/0، 80/20، 30/70، 50/50) با دو شکل‌شناسی اسفنجی (اسفنج‌گونه) و انگشتی (انگشت‌مانند) تهیه شدند و در ساخت غشاهای لایه‌‌ای کوپلیمرهای قطعه‌ای پلی(دی‌متیل‌سیلوکسان)/پلی‌یورتان استفاده شدند.
یافته‌ها: زیرآیند‌‌های پلی‌یورتان در حالتی که از حمام انعقاد آب در ساخت غشاها استفاده شد، به‌دلیل سرعت تبادل زیاد حلال-ضدحلال، شکل‌شناسی انگشتی نشان دادند. در حالی که با افزودن متانول به حمام انعقاد، شکل‌شناسی زیرآیند به حالت اسفنجی تغییر کرد. به‌طور کلی، استفاده از زیرآیند پلی‌یورتان، خواص جداسازی گاز غشاهای کوپلیمرهای قطعه‌ای پلی(دی‌متیل‌سیلوکسان) را بهبود بخشید. نتایج نشان داد، با تغییر شکل‌شناسی زیرلایه از حالت انگشتی به اسفنجی، مقدار گازتراوایی CO2 از غشاهای تهیه‌شده از مقدار  1.58GPU به 4.53GPU افزایش می‌یابد. حال آنکه مقدار گزینش‌پذیری غشاهای لایه‌ای (CO2/N2) از 21.94 به 12.57کاهش یافته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Polyurethane Substrate Morphology on Gas Permeation Properties of Poly(dimethyl siloxane) Block Copolymer/Polyurethane Layered Membranes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maral Ghahramani
  • Mohammad semsarzadeh
Polymer Reaction Engineering Department, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran P.O. Box: 14115-143
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Poly(dimethyl siloxane) block copolymers membranes are a good choice for gas separation application. The mechanical strength and gas separation properties of these polymers can be improved by the preparation of layered membranes. In layered membranes, the coating layer generally controls the flow and selectivity of gas, while the porous substrate plays the role of mechanical strength supplier. The dense layer, at the interface of the substrate and selective layer, can also affect the efficiency of the layered membranes gas separation, and its performance depends on the morphology of the substrate and the gas permeation properties of the substrate and the coating layer. The goal of this research is to prepare and investigate the effect of substrate morphology on the performance of poly(dimethyl siloxane) block copolymers/polyurethane layered membranes.
Methods: Polyurethane substrates were prepared through the non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) method. Different substrates with sponge-like and finger-like morphology structures were prepared with the help of changing the concentration of dope solution concentration (10, 20, 25, 30% by weight of polymer) and coagulation bath (molar ratio of water/methanol=100/0, 80/20, 70/30 and 50/50), and used for the preparation of poly(dimethyl siloxane) block copolymer/polyurethane layered membranes.
Findings: The polyurethane substrates revealed a finger-like morphology structure when a water coagulation bath was used due to the high exchange rate of solvent/non-solvent. Meanwhile, by adding methanol to the coagulation bath, the morphology of the substrate changed to a sponge-like one. In an overview, the gas separation properties of poly(dimethyl siloxane) block copolymers were improved by using a polyurethane substrate. The results revealed that by changing the morphology of the substrate from finger-like to sponge-like, the CO2 permeability of the membranes improved from 1.58 GPU to 4.53 GPU. While the permselectivity of the layered membranes (CO2/N2) decreased from 21.94 to 12.57.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Polyurethane
  • Non-solvent induced phase separation
  • Layered membrane
  • Block copolymer
  • Poly(dimethyl siloxane)

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 35، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 179
مرداد و شهریور 1401
صفحه 257-279

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