اصلاح سطح غشای نانوصافشی بر پایه پلی‌اترسولفون با گرافن اکسید کربوکسیل‌دارشده و پلی‌اتیلن‌ایمین

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اراک، دانشگاه اراک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، کد پستی 8349-8-38156

چکیده

فرضیه: در این پژوهش، ابتدا نانوصفحه‌های گرافن‌ اکسید کربوکسیل‌‌دارشده سنتز شدند. سپس، از نانوصفحه‌های سنتزشده برای اصلاح سطحی غشاهای نانوصافشی بر پایه‌ پلی‌اترسولفون در تصفیه آب استفاده شد. 
روش‌ها: از غلظت‌های مختلفی از نانوصفحه‌های گرافن اکسید کربوکسیل‌دارشده و پلی‌اتیلن‌ایمین به‌عنوان مواد اصلاح‌کننده سطح برای تهیه غشاهای نانوصافشی PES/PEI/c-GO استفاده شد. غشاهای تهیه‌شده با آزمون طیف‌سنجی زیرقرمز تبدیل فوریه (FTIR) و تصاویر میکروسکوپی الکترونی پویشی (SEM)، تصاویر سه‌بعدی سطح (AFM) از سطح غشاها و طیف‌سنجی پراش پرتو X (EDX) بررسی شدند. مقدار تراوش‌پذیری و عملکرد جداسازی غشاهای ساخته‌شده، با اندازه‌گیری زاویه تماس، جذب آب، شار آب خالص عبوری و مقدار پس‌زنی نمک و فلز سنگین ارزیابی شد. 
یافته‌ها آزمون FTIR تشکیل پیوندهای مطلوب را در نانوصفحه‌های سنتزی گرافن اکسید کربوکسیل‌دارشده و غشاهای ساخته‌شده، نشان داد. اصلاح سطح غشا با مواد اصلاح‌کننده آب‌دوست موجب کاهش زبری سطح شد و زاویه تماس از °75 در غشای خالص به‌ °36 در غشای M1 دارای 0.001g  نانوصفحه‌های c-GO کاهش یافت. همچنین، جذب آب غشا افزایش یافت و غشای M2 بیشترین مقدار درصد محتوای آب را از میان سایر غشاها نشان داد. بیشترین مقدار شار آب خالص برابر  13.065L/m2h برای غشای ساخته‌شده M2 دارای g 0.01 نانوصفحه‌های c-GO به‌دست آمد. افزون بر این، بیشترین مقدار پس‌زنی سدیم سولفات برابر %67.5 برای غشای M3 دارای 0.1نانوصفحه‌های c-GO و بیشترین مقدار پس‌زنی کلسیم نیترات %87.21 برای غشای M1 دارای g 0.001 نانوصفحه c-GO گزارش شد. نتایج حاکی از بهبود خواص ضدگرفتگی غشاهای اصلاح‌شده محتوی نانوصفحه‌های گرافن اکسید کربوکسیل‌دارشده در مقایسه با غشای پایه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Surface Modification of Polyethersulfone-Based Nanofiltration Membrane Using Carboxylated Graphene Oxide and Polyethyleneimine

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Eskandari
  • Abdolreza Moghadassi
  • Samaneh Bandehali
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Postal Code 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Carbxylated graghene oxide nanosheets were synthesized and the nanosheets were applied to the surface modification of the polyethersulfonebased nanofiltration membranes for water treatment.
Methods: Different concentrations of the synthesized carboxylated graphene oxide nanosheets were used as the surface modifiers to prepare the PES/PEI c-GO nanofiltration membranes. The prepared membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 3D surface images (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (EDX) spectroscopy. The permeability and the separation performance of the constructed membranes were evalueted by the water contact angle, water content, the flow of pure water and the rejection of sodium sulfate salt and heavy metals.
Findings: the FTIR analysis showed the formation of favorable bonds in the synthesized carboxylated graphene oxide nanosheets and the fabricated membranes. The membrane surface modification by c-GO nanosheets led to a decrease in membrane roughness and the contact angle decreased from 75° for the neat membrane to 36° for M1 at 0.001 g of carboxylated graphene oxide nanosheets. Moreover, the water content increased and M2 showed the highest water content. The highest pure water flux was obtained at 13.065 L/m2.h for the constructed M2 membrane containing 0.01 g of carboxylated graphene oxide nanosheets. In addition, the highest rejection of sodium sulfate salt (Na2SO4) was observed 67.5 % for the M3 membrane containing 0.1 g of c-GO nanosheets and the highest rejection of copper nitrate (Cu(NO3)2) was obtained 87.21% for the M1 membrane containing 0.001 g of c-GO nanosheets. Furthermore the obtained results indicated the improvement of the anti-fouling properties of the modified membranes containing carboxylated graphene oxide nanosheets compared to the base membrane. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: nanofiltration membrane
  • graphene oxide
  • polyether sulfone
  • water refinery
  • surface modification

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