مواد انتقال‌کننده حفره ‌بر پایه پلیمرهای نوع-p در سلول‌های خورشیدی پروسکیت معکوس

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

اصفهان، دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکده شیمی، گروه شیمی آلی و پلیمر، کد پستی 73441-81746

چکیده

در سالیان اخیر، بازده سلول‌های خورشیدی پروسکیت رشد چشمگیری حدود %25.5 داشته‌اند. با وجود این، ثبات بلندمدت آن‌ها برای تولید صنعتی هنوز نگرانی عمده است. یکی از دلایل مهم ناپایداری و تخریب لایه پروسکیت، حساسیت آن به نفوذ رطوبت و اکسیژن و ناپایداری در برابر نور فرابنفش، میدان الکتریکی و دماست. در این میان، مواد انتقال‌دهنده‌ حفره نقش کلیدی در ساخت سلول خورشیدی پروسکیت معکوس پایدار از جمله تنظیم رشد و دانه‌بندی بلور پروسکیت و ایجاد سطح آب‌گریز با ساختار مناسب را دار ند. البته نقش لایه انتقال‌دهنده حفره تابع نوع پیکربندی سلول خورشیدی پروسکیت است که به‌طور تفصیلی در بخش مربوط با جزئیات بررسی می‌شود. در یک دهه‌ اخیر، پژوهشگران بر توسعه مواد انتقال‌دهنده‌ حفره پایدار دارای افزودنی و بدون افزودنی بر پایه نیمه‌رسانای پلیمری تمرکز کرده‌اند. پلیمرها دارای خواص منحصر‌به‌فردی مانند وزن مولکولی تنظیم‌پذیر، تحرک حفره بهتر نسبت به ترکیبات با ساختار آلی و قابلیت رسانندگی مناسب در شرایط بدون افزودنی در بستر چاپ سه‌بعدی در مقیاس صنعتی هستند. افزون بر این، مقرون‌به‌صرفه‌بودن مراحل سنتز و قابلیت جابه‌جایی در بین لایه‌ها در فرایند ساخت سلول سبب شده است، پلیمرها در این زمینه جذاب و نوآور باشند. از این‌رو، در مقاله حاضر عملکرد و سازوکار لایه انتقال‌دهنده‌ حفره بر پایه نیمه‌رسانای پلیمری نوع-p و اثر ساختارهای مختلف اجزای سامانه‌های پلیمری بر سامانه‌ سلول خورشیدی معکوس پروسکایتی ارزیابی و بررسی می‌شود. پلیمرهایی مانند پلی(4،3-اتیلن‌دی‌اکسی‌تیوفن) پلی‌استیرن سولفونات (PEDOT:PSS)، پلی(3-هگزیل‌تیوفن) (P3HT) و پلی(بیس(4-فنیل) 6،4،2-تری‌متیل‌فنیل)آمین (PTAA) بیشترین بررسی‌ها و آزمایش‌ها را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند که از این میان PTAA به‌عنوان گزینه‌ای مطلوب‌تر و کارآمدتر، به بازده فراتر از %25 رسیده ‌است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Hole-Transporting Materials Based on p-Type Polymers in Invert Perovskite Solar Cells

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Sheibani
  • Mostafa Moslempoor
  • Fatemeh Arami Ghahfarokhi
Department of Organic Chemistry and Polymer, Faculty of Chemisty, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Postal Code 81746-73441, Iran
چکیده [English]

In recent years, the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has made a significant growth of about 25.5%. Nonetheless, the long-term stability of these cells for industrial production is still a major concern. One of the important reasons for the instability and degradation of the perovskite layer is its sensitivity toward moisture, oxygen, lack of resistance to ultraviolet light, electric fields, and temperature. In this context, hole-transporting materials (HTMs) play a key role in the construction of a stable inverted perovskite solar cell, including regulating the growth and crystallization of the perovskite and creating a water-repellent surface with a suitable structure. Naturally, the function of a hole-transporting layer depends on the type of perovskite solar cell configuration, and it is discussed in detail in the relevant section. In recent decades, researchers have focused on developing stable HTMs based on additive and non-additive semi-conducting polymers. Polymers have unique properties such as adjustable molecular weight, easier mobility of the hole compared to organic compounds, and suitable conductivity under additive-free conditions for 3D printing applications at an industrial scale. In addition, the cost-effectiveness of synthesis steps and potential interlayer displacement during the manufacturing process has made attraction and innovations in this area. Therefore, this article evaluates and analyzes the performance and mechanism of hole-transporting layers based on p-type semi-conducting polymers and the effect of various component structures of polymer systems on the inverse perovskite solar cell system. Polymers such as, pol(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA), and (poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) have received most of the research and experimentation, with PTAA being the most desirable and efficient option, reaching over 25% efficiency. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Hole-Transport Layer"
  • " Semiconductor Polymer"
  • " Perovskite Solar Cells"
  • "Stability"
  • "Industrial scale"

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 36، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 184
خرداد و تیر 1402
صفحه 107-132

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