بهینه‌سازی پارامترهای مؤثر در ساخت غشاهای تخت پلی(وینیل کلرید) با روش سطح پاسخ برای کاربرد در جداسازی هیومیک اسید

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 بهبهان، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء (ص) بهبهان، گروه شیمی، کد پستی 63973-63716

2 بهبهان، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء (ص) بهبهان، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کد پستی 63973-63716

3 بهبهان، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء (ص) بهبهان، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، کد پستی 63973-63716

چکیده

فرضیه‌: با توجه به مشکلات کیفیت آب و قوانین سخت‌گیرانه وضع‌شده در تصفیه آب‌های آشامیدنی، نیاز به استفاده از روش‌های مؤثرتر و اقتصادی‌تر برای حذف مواد آلی طبیعی از آب ضرورت دارد. در این میان، فرایندهای غشایی یکی از روش‌های مؤثر در حذف این آلاینده‌ها به‌شمار می‌آیند. بدین ترتیب برای تهیه غشایی کارآمد در حذف آلاینده‌ها، در پژوهش حاضر، ساخت و بهینه‌سازی غشاهای پلی‌(وینیل‌ کلرید) (PVC) با افزودنی پلی(اتیلن‌ گلیکول) (PEG) بررسی شد.
روش‌ها: غشاهای میکرومتخلخل PVC با روش جدایی فاز القایی با ضدحلال تهیه شدند. پارامترهای اثرگذار در ساخت غشا شامل غلظت PVC و PEG و ترکیب حمام انعقاد، با روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) بهینه شدند. در این میان، استحکام کششی و تخلخل به‌عنوان پاسخ درنظر گرفته شدند. 
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، تمام غشاها دارای ساختار نامتقارن با منفذهای انگشتی بودند. همچنین مشخص شد، با افزایش غلظت PVC، استحکام کششی غشاها افزایش یافت، به‌طوری که کمترین استحکام کششی به غشای ساخته‌شده با غلظت %10.30 وزنی از PVC مربوط بود، در حالی که غشای ساخته‌شده با %18.7 وزنی از PVC بیشترین استحکام کششی را داشت. برای غشای بهینه که در آن، مقدار وزنی PVC و PEG در محلول 17.52 و %5.87 و کسر حجمی اتانول در حمام انعقاد برابر 0.27 بود، استحکام کششی و تخلخل غشاها به‌ترتیب 5MPa و %80.57 به‌دست آمد. افزون بر این در ادامه، از نانوذرات تیتانیم دی‌اکسید (TiO2) به‌منظور تهیه غشای کامپوزیتی در شرایط بهینه نام‌برده استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد، غشای بهینه دارای %2 وزنی نانوذرات، دارای بیشترین بازده جداسازی هیومیک اسید به‌مقدار %80 بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of Effective Parameters in Fabrication of PVC Flat Sheet Membranes by Response Surface Method for Application in Humic Acid Separation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shokofeh Rezakhani Roozbehani 1
  • Parya Amirabedi 2
  • Fatemeh Zeraatpisheh 1
  • Masoud Dorfeshan 3
1 Department of Chemistry, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Postal Code 63616-63973, Behbahan, Iran
2 Department Chemical Engineering, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Postal Code 63616-63973, Behbahan, Iran
3 Department Mechanical Engineering; Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Postal Code 63616-63973, Behbahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: Considering water quality problems and strict rules established for drinking water treatment, there is an urgent need to use more effective and economical methods to remove natural organic matter from water. Meanwhile, membrane processes are one of the effective methods to remove these pollutants. In this way, in order to prepare a membrane with a high ability to remove pollutants, in the present study, the production and optimization of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membranes with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) additives have been carried out.
Methods: PVC microporous membranes were prepared by nonsolvent-induced phase separation method. Influential parameters in the membrane fabrication, including the concentration of PVC and PEG and the composition of the coagulation bath were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). Meanwhile, tensile strength and porosity were considered as responses.
Findings: The obtained results showed that all the membranes had an asymmetric structure with finger like pores. It was also found that the tensile strength of the membranes increased with the increase in PVC concentration. The lowest tensile strength was related to the membrane made of 10.30% (by wt) of PVC, while the membrane made of 18.7 % (by wt) of PVC had the highest tensile strength. In addition, for the optimum membrane in which the concentration of PVC was 17.52% (by wt), the concentration of PEG was 5.87% (by wt) and the volume fraction of ethanol in the coagulation bath was 0.27, the tensile strength and porosity of the membranes were obtained as 5 MPa and 80.57, respectively. Furthermore, in the following, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) were used to prepare the composite membrane under the aforementioned optimum conditions. The obtained results showed that the optimum membrane containing 2% (by wt) of nanoparticles had the highest humic acid separation efficiency with a value of 80%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • polyvinyl chloride
  • natural organic matter
  • response surface methodology
  • titanium dioxide
  • humic acid

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 36، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 186
مهر و آبان 1402
صفحه 421-435

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