ساخت و اصلاح سطح غشای نانوصافشی بر پایه پلی‌اترسولفون با استفاده از پلی(متیل متاکریلات)-نانوصفحه‌های گرافن اکسید

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اراک، دانشگاه اراک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کد پستی 8349-8-38156

چکیده

فرضیه‌: در این پژوهش، ابتدا غشای نانوصافشی بر پایه  پلی‌اترسولفون با روش تغییر فاز-غوطه‌ورسازی تهیه شد. سپس، غشاهای تهیه‌شده با پلی(متیل متاکریلات)-نانوصفحه‌های گرافن اکسید به روش پوشش‌دهی سطح اصلاح شدند. اثر لایه‌ فعال ایجادشده بر ساختار غشا، خواص‌ فیزیکی-شیمیایی، عملکرد ضدگرفتگی و قابلیت جداسازی آن در حذف یون‌های فلزی از پساب بررسی شد.
روش‌ها: مشخصات اولیه غشاها با عکس‌های میکروسکوپ الکترون پویشی و طیف‌سنجی زیرقرمز 
تبدیل فوریه-پرتو فرابنفش ارزیابی شد. همچنین، اثر لایه سطحی شکل‌گرفته بر خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی غشاها از جمله زاویه تماس آب، شار و پس‌زنی نمک سدیم سولفات، شار آب خالص، تخلخل، اندازه حفره‌ها، پس‌زنی فلزات سنگین و تغییرات مقاومت غشا در برابر گرفتگی بررسی ‌شد. 
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد، نمونه اصلاح‌شده با %1 وزنی متیل متاکریلات-%5/0 وزنی نانوصفحه‌های گرافن اکسید، دارای عملکرد جداسازی مناسب‌تر و خواص ضدگرفتگی بهتری در مقایسه با سایر غشاهاست. تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی پویشی تهیه‌‌شده از مقطع عرضی غشاها، تشکیل لایه نسبتاَ یکنواختی را بر سطح غشاها نشان داد که با افزایش مقدار نانوصفحه‌های گرافن اکسید تراکم یافته است. عملکرد غشای بهینه در حذف دو فلز سنگین مس و کروم بررسی شد و نتایج با غشای پایه مقایسه شد. درصد حذف دو فلز سنگین با غشای پایه به‌ترتیب برابر 49.3 و %51.4 و برای غشای بهینه 81.7 و %75.3 اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین، مقدار گرفتگی کل برای غشای پایه حدود %23 اندازه‌گیری شد، در حالی که این پارامتر برای نمونه اصلاح‌شده بهینه %13.2 بود (0.05> P value). مقدار گرفتگی بازگشت‌ناپذیر غشای بهینه به‌مقدار شایان توجهی از %20 در غشای پایه به %3.2 در این نمونه کاهش یافت که نشان از عملکرد ضدگرفتگی مناسب غشای اصلاح‌شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Fabrication and Surface Modification of PES-Based Nanofiltration Membrane Using Polymethyl Methacrylate/Graphene Oxide Nanoplates

نویسندگان [English]

  • Pejman Asgari
  • Saba Sohrabnejad
  • Samaneh Koudzari Farahani
  • Meysam Soleymani
  • Sayed Mohsen Hosseini
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak , Postal Code 38156-8-8349, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: first, poly ether sulfone (PES)-based nanofiltration (NF) membranes were prepared through the phase inversion-immersion precipitation technique. Then, the surface of the membranes made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-graphene oxide nanoplates (GO NPs) was modified using dip-coating technique. The effect of the active coating layer on the morphology, physical-chemical properties, and antifouling performance and separation ability to remove metal ions from wastewater was studied.
Methods: The properties of prepared membranes were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis.  Also, the effect of the formed active layer on the physio-chemical properties of the membrane including water contact angle, water content, flux and sodium sulfate rejection, porosity, mean pore size, heavy metal rejection and anti-fouling performance was investigated. 
Findings:  The obtained results revealed that the surface-modified membrane with 1 % (by wt)  MM-0.5% (by wt) GO-NPs had a more appropriate separation performance and better antifouling properties compared to other membranes. SEM images of the cross-sectional area of the membranes showed the formation of a relatively uniform layer on the membrane surface, which became more dense with increase in the amount of GO-Nps. The performance of the modified membrane in the removal of Cu and Cr heavy metal ions was also evaluated and compared with the pristine membrane. The removal percentage of Cu and Cr ions was 51.4% and 49.3% for the neat membrane, whereas it was 81.7% and 75.3% for the superior modified membrane, respectively. Moreover, the total fouling resistance was measured to be 23% for the virgin membrane, while it was 13.2% (Pvalue<0.05) for the best modified one. The irreversible fouling parameter was obviously decreased from 20% for the pristine membrane to 3.2% for the optimum modified membrane that shows  a superior antifouling ability for them. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • nanofiltration membrane
  • surface modification
  • polymethyl methacrylate/graphene oxide nanoplate’s active layer
  • separation performance
  • antifouling ability

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